Back to Course
HSC Chemistry
0% Complete
0/61 Steps
-
Module 1: Properties and Structure of Matter1.1 Properties of Matter
-
1.2 Atomic Structure and Atomic Mass
-
1.3 Periodicity
-
1.4 Bonding
-
Module 2: Introduction to Quantitative Chemistry2.1 Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry
-
2.2 Mole Concept
-
2.3 Concentration and Molarity
-
2.4 Gas Laws
-
Module 3: Reactive Chemistry3.1 Chemical Reactions
-
3.2 Predicting Reactions of Metals
-
3.3 Rates of Reactions
-
Module 4: Drivers of Reactions4.1 Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions
-
4.2 Enthalpy and Hess's Law
-
4.3 Entropy and Gibbs Free Energy
-
Module 5: Equilibrium and Acid Reactions5.1 Static and Dynamic Equilibrium5 Topics
-
5.2 Factors that Affect Equilibrium2 Topics
-
5.3 Calculating the Equilibrium Constant2 Topics
-
5.4 Solution Equilibria
-
Module 6: Acid/Base Reactions6.1 Properties of Acids and Bases7 Topics
-
6.2 Using Brønsted–Lowry Theory2 Topics
-
6.3 Quantitative Analysis1 Topic
-
Module 7: Organic Chemistry7.1 Nomenclature2 Topics
-
7.2 Hydrocarbons2 Topics
-
7.3 Products of Reactions Involving Hydrocarbons
-
7.4 Alcohols1 Topic
-
7.5 Reactions of Organic Acids and Bases
-
7.6 Polymers2 Topics
-
Module 8: Applying Chemical Ideas8.1 Analysis of Inorganic Substances3 Topics
-
8.2 Analysis of Organic Substances
-
8.3 Chemical Synthesis and Design
-
Working ScientificallyWorking Scientifically Overview1 Topic
Lesson 22, Topic 1
In Progress
Steps for Naming Organic Substances
Lesson Progress
0% Complete
The following steps are critical to accurately naming a variety of organic substances required by the syllabus.
- IDENTIFY PARENT CHAIN
(longest continuous carbon chain)*
*if multiple options of equal length, select for smallest branching - IDENTIFY MAIN FN. GROUP
Use below hierarchy (if multiple).
No fn. group = alkane.
–> YOUR SUFFIX - IDENTIFY SUBSTITUENTS
List alphabetically.
–> YOUR PREFIXES - DOUBLE/TRIPLE BONDS?
Change ‘an’ –> ‘en’/’yn’ in parent prefix.
(e.g. ethanol –> ethenol) - MULTIPLE SAME SUBSTITUENTS?
Add di/tri/tetra prefixes.*
(2)(3)(4)
*no effect on alphabetical order - NUMBER CARBON CHAIN
Give parent fn. group lowest #.
If you have: alkanes, alkyl groups, halogens
>> number from end closest to a substituent - ADD LOCANT NUMBERS
For every single substituent.
Important Considerations
Hyphens (-) go between letters and numbers. Commas separate numbers. There are no spaces in names, except for carboxylic acids.
Functional Group Hierarchy
i.e., the order of precedence of groups
- Carboxylic acids
- Carboxylic acid derivatives
- Esters
- Acid Halides
- Amides
- Aldehydes
- Ketones
- Alcohols
- Amines
- Alkynes, Alkenes
- Alkanes*
*Note that alkanes do not have a functional group. However, they have been placed in this list for convenience.